{"id":689,"date":"2012-11-23T12:26:22","date_gmt":"2012-11-23T12:26:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/?page_id=689"},"modified":"2022-04-21T07:43:20","modified_gmt":"2022-04-21T07:43:20","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/history","title":{"rendered":"Histoire"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:300px;--awb-padding-bottom:300px;--awb-margin-bottom:40px;--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/HistoryH.jpg&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-padding-right:10px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-color:rgba(42,46,57,0.72);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(42,46,57,0.72);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-radius:10px 10px 10px 10px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;--awb-font-size:28px;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Montserrat&quot;;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;margin:0;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:1em;\">LE HISTOIRE DE<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;--awb-font-size:70px;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;letter-spacing:0px;font-size:1em;\">parc national d\u2019Etosha<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-one-third fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:33.333333333333%;width:calc(33.333333333333% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.33333333333333 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-three-fourth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:74%; margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Le marais salant d\u2019Etosha et la r\u00e9gion qui serait connu plus tard comme le parc national d\u2019Etosha a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert par les Europ\u00e9ens en 1851, lorsque les explorateurs Charles Andersson et Francis Galton venus dans la r\u00e9gion sauvage en compagnie de commer\u00e7ants Ovambos. Etosha peut \u00eatre vaguement traduit comme \u201cgrande zone blanche\u201d dans la langue Ovambos.<\/p>\n<p>Routes commerciales europ\u00e9ennes \u00e0 l\u2019Est et l\u2019Ouest de le marais salant ont bient\u00f4t commenc\u00e9s \u00e0 s\u2019ouvrir. En 1876, un Am\u00e9ricain commer\u00e7ant du nom de McKiernan qui avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 attir\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que \u00abtous les\u00a0m\u00e9nageries du monde l\u00e2ch\u00e9s, ils ne pouvaient pas comparer \u201c\u00e0 la faune qu\u2019il voyait autour de lui. \u00abNous avons\u00a0tomb\u00e9s en d\u2019immenses quantit\u00e9s d\u2019animaux au-del\u00e0 de tout ce que j\u2019avais encore vu. Je gu\u00e8re\u00a0cru si je disais qu\u2019il y avait des milliers d\u2019entre eux \u00e0 \u00eatre vus \u00e0 un spectacle \u00bb, il a ajout\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Pour les trente prochaines ann\u00e9es, l\u2019histoire de la r\u00e9gion a \u00e9t\u00e9 caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par \u00e9tablissements impermanents et mouvement, des affrontements sporadiques entre les Europ\u00e9ens et les tribus Hei\/lom et Ovambo qui \u00e9taient originaires de la r\u00e9gion, et la menace croissante pour les populations animales de\u00a0sur-enthousiastes chasseurs europ\u00e9ens. En 1896 les troupes allemandes envoy\u00e9es par le Reich allemand, ont occup\u00e9 la r\u00e9gion Namutoni et ont construit un fort en 1899. Ce fort originale a \u00e9t\u00e9 attaqu\u00e9 et ras\u00e9 \u00e0 la<br \/>\nsol par Ovambos en 1904, mais a \u00e9t\u00e9 reconstruit l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante et se trouve aujourd\u2019hui comme l\u2019un des traits distinctifs du parc et un monument national.<\/p>\n<p>Avec le pays fermement sous domination allemande au tournant de le 20 e si\u00e8cle, le gouverneur de l\u2019Allemand Sud-Ouest Africain (Namibie comme l\u2019appelait avait), le Dr von F Lindqvist, proclam\u00e9 Etosha un ressortissant parc de la faune en 1907. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, le parc avait parcouru plus de 100000 km 2 de territoire, qui s\u2019\u00e9tend tout\u00a0la voie \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de la Skeleton Coast, dans certains endroits, ce qui en fait confortablement la plus grande r\u00e9serve animali\u00e8re dans le monde. Mais apr\u00e8s diverses reconfigurations controvers\u00e9es et tr\u00e8s contest\u00e9es limites ainsi que les changements politiques au cours des ann\u00e9es, le parc a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duit \u00e0 sa taille actuelle de juste plus de 20.000 km 2 en 1970.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 et au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1980, une grande majorit\u00e9 de la faune dans le parc a \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9 soit<br \/>\npar la s\u00e9cheresse ou apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 pris dans le feu crois\u00e9 de la guerre frontali\u00e8re qui a englouti\u00a0Namibie, Afrique du Sud et l\u2019Angola \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque. Gr\u00e2ce aux efforts de conservation courageux, bon nombre des b\u00eates les plus pr\u00e9cieux et les plus respect\u00e9s dans le parc ont vu leur nombre consid\u00e9rablement renouvel\u00e9s au cours des derni\u00e8res<\/p>\n<p>ans, et aujourd\u2019hui Etosha est encore l\u2019un des meilleurs endroits au monde pour observer la faune unique de l\u2019Afrique, tandis que les vestiges de son histoire mouvement\u00e9e continuent d\u2019ajouter une autre couche de l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat pour son allure myst\u00e9rieuse.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-one-fourth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:22%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:18px;--awb-title-color:#494949;--awb-padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div id=\"text-22\" class=\"widget widget_text\" style=\"border-style: solid;border-color:transparent;border-width:0px;\">\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><div class=\"fusion-button-wrapper fusion-align-block\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-span-yes \" style=\"--button-border-radius-top-left:0;--button-border-radius-top-right:0;--button-border-radius-bottom-right:0;--button-border-radius-bottom-left:0;\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/new\/enquiry\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Enquire Now<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\" style=\"border-style: solid;border-color:transparent;border-width:0px;\"><div class=\"heading\"><h4 class=\"widget-title\">Accommodation Inside Etosha<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"menu-accommodation-inside-container\"><ul id=\"menu-accommodation-inside\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-2356\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2356\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/accommodation\/dolomite-camp\">Dolomite Camp<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-2357\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2357\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/accommodation\/halali-camp\">Halali Camp<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-2358\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2358\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/accommodation\/namutoni\">Namutoni Camp<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-2359\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2359\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/accommodation\/okaukuejo\">Okaukuejo Camp<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-2360\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2360\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/accommodation\/olifantsrus-camp\">Olifantsrus Camp<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-2361\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2361\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/fr\/accommodation\/onkoshi\">Onkoshi Camp<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div id=\"text-20\" class=\"widget widget_text\">\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><a title=\"If you would like to use our video on your own website, the only request we have is that you link back to our homepage. If you would like an unbranded version, please contact us\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8m9tWguxy4g\" rel=\"wp-video-lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etoshanationalpark.org\/media\/Etosha-Video2.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><div id=\"custom_html-2\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html\" style=\"border-style: solid;border-color:transparent;border-width:0px;\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div class=\"fb-page\" data-href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/etoshapark\" data-width=\"276\" data-small-header=\"false\" data-adapt-container-width=\"true\" data-hide-cover=\"false\" data-show-facepile=\"false\"><blockquote cite=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/etoshapark\" class=\"fb-xfbml-parse-ignore\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/etoshapark\">Etosha National Park<\/a><\/blockquote><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-689","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - 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